Blocked bank accounts

Learn how to unblock ACH debit bank accounts and avoid future payment failures from blocked accounts.

Bank accounts can become blocked for reasons other than insufficient funds, and can become blocked for legitimate reasons or because of an error. You can minimize the chances of an account being blocked, and you can take actions to unblock accounts if you understand the underlying reasons.

Reasons for blocked bank accounts

When ACH Debits are returned for reasons other than insufficient funds (for example, an account is closed or frozen), NACHA rules require originators of an ACH Debit to review and confirm the bank account or take other action before reinitiating a debit. To comply with these Rules, Stripe blocks certain bank accounts until we can confirm that the issue causing the returns has been resolved. In addition to ensuring compliance with the NACHA rules, this process helps businesses reduce fraud and avoid repeated dispute and return fees. We don’t block bank accounts because of past insufficient funds returns.

Minimizing blocked customer bank accounts

You can minimize the risk of dealing with blocked customer bank accounts by taking a few preventative steps. To minimize this risk, we recommend that you:

Verify accounts using Financial Connections Instant Verification—This helps confirm accurate account details and verify account ownership.
Prevent accidental disputes—Use clear statement descriptors for your business name that customers can easily recognize on their bank statements, which minimizes the chance that a confused customer unintentionally disputes your payments.
Reduce bank auto-blocks—Some banks and business accounts automatically reject ACH Debits attempts from unknown entities. To prevent this, have your customer provide Stripe Company IDs to their bank to enable debits initiated by Stripe.

Identifying blocked accounts

In the Dashboard, ACH Debits that failed because blocked accounts are labeled blocked with an error message. When attempting to confirm a Payment Intent or Setup Intent, these blocked requests return an HTTP 402 status and contain the bank_account_unusable error code. Payment Intents also generate a failed charge, while Setup Intents create a failed Setup Attempt instead.

Payment method status details

After creating a US bank account payment method, the us_bank_account.status_details.blocked field renders if the account is blocked. You must make requests using a secret key for the field to appear.

You can access the network_code and reason properties inside the PaymentMethod object to understand the details behind each block. The network_code contains the raw ACH return code associated with a previous failed payment or dispute made with this account, while the reason is a summary category that corresponds with the code’s semantic meaning.

For more information on removing blocks, consult the section on handling blocked bank accounts below for each reason value. When Stripe removes the block, the us_bank_account.status_details.blocked field stops rendering on all previously affected payment methods.

Listening to status changes

Stripe sends the payment_method.automatically_updated event for all saved payment methods when a blockable ACH return is received. This also includes any verified customer bank accounts that were created using the Stripe legacy ACH integration.

Consuming these events can provide advance notice if your business model relies on recurring payments that need to be processed before a certain date. Inspect the event data for the us_bank_account.status_details.blocked field, then work with your customer to unblock or switch bank accounts before initiating future payments.

You receive equivalent events when the block is removed, indicating that payment methods can be reused immediately, if an active mandate exists or you re-collect one.

Handling blocked bank accounts

If a customer’s account becomes blocked, the action you take depends on the reason the account was blocked. You can identify the reason code on the blocked payment method.

Block category Reason Recommended action

Block category	Reason	Recommended action
Bank-initiated failures	`bank_account_closed` `bank_account_frozen` `bank_account_invalid_details` `bank_account_restricted`	Contact the customer to make sure their bank account is still valid, and that other information associated with the account is current and correct. If the customer’s bank account is no longer valid or active, ask them to update their payment method for future debits. If, after contacting the customer, you believe the bank account was blocked in error, please contact Stripe Support. We’ll request additional information for proof that the account is open and debitable (see table below) to verify that the issue that caused the account to be blocked has been resolved. After we confirm this information, we can unblock the account for future use.
Customer-initiated disputes	`debit_not_authorized`	When a customer disputes a payment as unauthorized, contact them before attempting any additional debits. After their first dispute, Stripe revokes the associated mandate and requires them to accept a new mandate authorization before additional debits can be attempted. If they dispute a second payment, the bank account is blocked. Some bank accounts have anti-fraud tools that automatically reject debit attempts from unknown entities. You can typically identify these blocks with an R29 `network_code`. If you see an R29, contact your customer and confirm that they’ve asked their bank to allow ACH Debits from the Stripe Company IDs before attempting additional debits. If, after contacting the customer, you believe they unintentionally disputed these payments, contact Stripe Support. We’ll request additional information (see table below) to verify that the accountholder authorized the payment and that the issue causing prior disputes has been resolved. After we confirm this information, we can unblock the account for future use.
Other	`bank_account_unusable`	This can occur for bank accounts that are blocked due to activity with other Stripe users. For these accounts, contact Stripe Support to inquire about possible resolution steps.

Bank-initiated failures

bank_account_closed
bank_account_frozen
bank_account_invalid_details
bank_account_restricted

Contact the customer to make sure their bank account is still valid, and that other information associated with the account is current and correct. If the customer’s bank account is no longer valid or active, ask them to update their payment method for future debits.

If, after contacting the customer, you believe the bank account was blocked in error, please contact Stripe Support. We’ll request additional information for proof that the account is open and debitable (see table below) to verify that the issue that caused the account to be blocked has been resolved. After we confirm this information, we can unblock the account for future use.

Customer-initiated disputes

debit_not_authorized

When a customer disputes a payment as unauthorized, contact them before attempting any additional debits. After their first dispute, Stripe revokes the associated mandate and requires them to accept a new mandate authorization before additional debits can be attempted. If they dispute a second payment, the bank account is blocked.

Some bank accounts have anti-fraud tools that automatically reject debit attempts from unknown entities. You can typically identify these blocks with an R29 network_code. If you see an R29, contact your customer and confirm that they’ve asked their bank to allow ACH Debits from the Stripe Company IDs before attempting additional debits.

If, after contacting the customer, you believe they unintentionally disputed these payments, contact Stripe Support. We’ll request additional information (see table below) to verify that the accountholder authorized the payment and that the issue causing prior disputes has been resolved. After we confirm this information, we can unblock the account for future use.

Other

bank_account_unusable

This can occur for bank accounts that are blocked due to activity with other Stripe users. For these accounts, contact Stripe Support to inquire about possible resolution steps.

Evidence requirements to unblock bank accounts

If you require assistance from Stripe to unblock customer bank accounts, you might need to provide additional information and evidence. The evidence required differs depending on the reason code on the blocked payment method.

Reason code	Evidence required to unblock
`bank_account_closed`	Recent screenshot of an online bank portal that shows the full routing and account number OR Letter from the bank noting the account is still active
`bank_account_frozen` `bank_account_restricted`	Letter from the bank indicating that the account supports debits OR Bank statement that shows recent debit activity
`bank_account_invalid_details`	Voided check that shows the full account number and routing number OR Screenshots of an online bank portal that shows the full routing and account number
`debit_not_authorized`	Written communication from the bank with confirmation that the Stripe ACH ID was added to the allowlist and authorization restrictions are lifted. The written communication must also include the account details, such as account number, routing number, and name on the account.